In ancient Egypt, amulets of animals, deities, and symbols were placed on the mummy or inserted in the mummy bandages to aid and protect the deceased. Certain funerary amulets were associated with parts of the mummified body.1 The Isis knot, when placed on the throat, protected the body (from left to right). Multiple heart amulets were laid on the upper body. The Djed-pillar amulet stabilized the throat and lower torso. Scarabs promised resurrection and were placed on the throat, chest, and stomach. The “Two-Fingers” amulet, which represents Osiris’s index and middle fingers, was positioned over the evisceration incision on the body. Amulets depicting the god of air Shu and the deity Wepwawet, “the Opener of the Ways,” were positioned on the lower body.2 Amulets of female sphinxes and lion-headed goddesses brought the protective power and ferocity of big cats.3
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Bibliography
- Andrews 1994
- Andrews, Carol. 1994. Amulets of ancient Egypt. London: The British Museum Press.
- Petrie 1914
- Petrie, W. M. Flinders. 1914. Amulets. London: Constable & Co. Ltd.